Carlos was banned following his dismissal for pushing Israeli referee Alon Yefet in a 2-1 defeat to Portugal on March 29 after protesting the award of a free-kick.
He has three days to appeal against the verdict, and will now miss the next two Brazil games after sitting out of a friendly with Mexico on April 30 while provisionally suspended.
FIFA banned Portuguese midfielder Joao Pinto from all football for four months in June 2002 after he was found guilty of punching referee Angel Sanchez in a controversial World Cup defeat by South Korea.
