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n[N>b{ A§H$
oXgå]a 23
Am`m~ H{$ Xb ^maV g{ JE W{ `yam{[ !
JwéHw$b H$m§JS>r odídodÚmb` hnaÛma H{$ [yd© Hw$b[oV S>m°. gw^mf odÚmb§H$ma Z{ H$hm h¡ oH$ ^maV [a Am`m~ H{$ AmH«$_U H$s [míMmË` odMma Ymam H{$ od[arV A] `h ñdrH$ma oH$`m OmZ{ bJm h¢ oH$ d¡oXH$ H$mb _| ^maV g{ Am`m~ H{$ AZ{H$ Xb `yam{[ VH$ \¡$b MwH{$ W{$&
Q>r dr H$m`©H«$_m| Z{ ]Xb{ a§J gmb ^a _|
Bg gmb _| _Ü` _| Am`{ EH$ BZm_r Q>rdr H$m`©H«$_ Z{ N>m{Q>{ [X} H$m [yam [naÑí` hr ]Xb oX`m Am¡a A] odo^ÝZ Q>rdr M¡Zbm| _| BZm_r H$m`©H«$_m| H{$ Ona`{ ]T>-MT> H$a bm{H$oà`Vm hmogb H$aZ{ H$s hm{S>-gr bJr hþB© h¡$&
^maVr` oMÌH$bm [a Am°ñQ>{ob`m _| d{]gmBQ>
^maV H$s _Ü`H$mbrZ oMÌe¡ob`m| H{$ EH$ d{]gmBQ> H$m CX²KmQ>Z o[N>b{ oXZm| AmñQ>{ob`m H{$ H°$Z]am _| oH$`m J`m$&
h§Jar _| _O{ H{$ obE qOXm AmX_r Obm oX`m
`yam{[ H{$ EH$ g§[Þ X{e h§Jar H{$ EH$ eha _| Xm{ bS>H$m| Z{ og\©$ _O{ b{Z{ H{$ ob`{ gS>H$ H{$ oH$Zma{ gm{ ah{ EH$ ì`oº$ H$m{ ObmH$a _maZ{ H$r H$m{oee H$s$&
am{_m§MH$ I{b oXb H{$ obE KmVH$ hm{ gH$V{ h¢
\w$Q>]mb _¡Mm| Am¡a AÝ` ]S>r I{b àoV`m{oJVmAm| H$m AË`oYH$ am{_m§M I{b à{o_`m| H{$ ob`{ KmVH$ hm{ gH$Vm h¡$& ewH«$dma H$m{ b§XZ _| àH$moeV EH$ AÜ``Z _| `h OmZH$mar Xr J`r$&
42 ]ƒ{,3 ]rod`m§ o\$a ^r Mm¡Wr emXr
b{]ZmZ _| A[Z{ [oV H$s ]T>Vr `m¡Z AmH$m§jm g{ ÌñV AmH$a CgH$s VrZ [pËZ`m| Z{ 42 ]ÀMm| H{$ ]m[ H$m{ Mm¡Wr emXr H$aZ{ H$s BOmOV X{ Xr h¡$&
Ag_ _| CJ«[§oW`m| Z{ 9 ^yQ>mnZ`m| H$m{ _ma S>mbm
Ag_ H$s amOYmZr JwdmhmQ>r _| [wobg Z{ ]Vm`m oH$ Ag_ _| ewH«$dma H$m{ [¥WH$VmdmXr AmoXdmgr Jwarëbm| Z{ Zm¡ ^yQ>mZr ZmJnaH$m| H$s Jm{br _ma H$a hË`m H$a Xr$&
oXëbr _| ZH$br Zm{Q>m| H{$ gmW 2 oJaâVma
oXëbr [wobg Z{ CÎma àX{e H{$ _wOâ\$a ZJa oOb{ H{$ Xm{ ì`p·V`m| H$m{ oJaâVma H$a CgH{$ H$ãO{ g{ 55 hOma Zm¡ gm¡ é[`{ _yë` H{$ Ombr Zm{Q> ]am_X oH$`{$&
_roS>`m oR>Rw>aVr ahr, _{S>m{Zm Z{ H$a br emXr !
[m°[ ñQ>ma _{S>>m{Zm Z{ o]«oQ>e o\$ë_ oZX}eH$ Jmd naMr g{ ewH«$dma amV emXr H$a br$& o]«oQ>e AI]mam| Z{ `h I]a Xr h¡$& b{oH$Z emXr hm{Z{ H{$ oZYm©naV g_` H{$ H$B© K§Q>m| ]mX ^r BgH$s H$m{B© Am¡[MmnaH$ Km{fUm Zht H$s J`r$&
oXëbr _| gwajm ]Tr,h_bmdam| H$m AVm-[Vm Zht
oXëbr H{$ E{oVhmogH$ bmboH$b{ _| oñWV g¡Ý` oeoda _| CJ«dmoX`m| Ûmam ewH«$dma amV H$s JB© A§YmYw§Y \$m`na¨J H{$ ]mX amOYmZr _| gwajm H$S>r H$a Xr JB© h¡ Am¡a Vbmer Ao^`mZ Omar h¡$$&
"H$oZîH$' odñ\$m{Q>- O_mZV gwZdmB© oH«$g_g H{$ ]mX
E`a B§oS>`m H{$ EH$ od_mZ H$m{ 1985 _| ]_ odñ\$m{Q> H{$ Ona`{ CS>mZ{ H{$ _m_b{ H{$ Xm{ _w»` Ao^`w·Vm| Z{ H$ZmS>m H$s EH$ AXmbV _| A[Z{ H$m O_mZV oX`{ OmZ{ H{$ [j _| VH©$ [{e oH$E &
bmboH$bm h_bm - g¡Ý` Om§M H{$ AmX{e
oXëbr H{$ E{oVhmogH$ bmboH$b{ _| pñWV g¡Ý` oeoda [a ewH«$dma amV hþE h_b{ H$s g¡Ý` Om§M H{$ AmX{e oXE J`{ h¢$&
bm{.g.H$m erVH$mbrZ gÌ AoZpíMVH$mb VH$ ñWoJV
A`m{Ü`m Am¡a _ohbm AmajU H{$ _wÔ{ H{$ H$maU h§Jm_r ]Zm ahm bm{H$g^m H$m erVH$mbrZ gÌ ewH«$dma H$m{ AoZpíMVH$mb H{$ obE ñWoJV hm{ J`m$&
bíH$a CJ«dmoX`m| H$m bmboH$bm [a h_bm, 3 g¡oZH$ _ma{
gwajm B§VOm_m| H$m{ YVm ]VmV{ hþE amOYmZr oX„r H{$ E{oVhmogH$ bmboH$bm _| KwgH$a bíH$a-E-Vm{`]m H{$ CJ«dmoX`m| Z{ EH$ g¡Ý` oeoda [a ewH«$dma amV A§YmYw§Y Jm{br]mar H$s, oOg_| ^maVr` g{Zm H$s _hËd[yU© a{Or_|Q> "amO[wVmZm amB\$ëg' g{ gå]Õ Zm`H$ Aem{H$, g¡oZH$ AãXwëbm R>mHw$a Ed§ g¡oZH$ C_me§H$a H$s _m¡V hm{ JB©$&
oXgå]a 22
_¡M o\$p·g¨J g{ _w·V Z`Z _m|oJ`m oXbr[ Q>m\$s I{b{Jm
_¡M o\$p·g¨J H{$ Amam{[ g{ _w·V hþE odH{$Q>H$s[a Z`Z _m|oJ`m H$m{ oXbr[ Q>m\$s oH«$H{$Q> [«oV`m{oJVm H{$ ob`{ [oíM_ j{Ì H$m H$ßVmZ ]Zm`m J`m h¡$&
S>mba H$s o]H$dmbr g{ é[`m _O]yV
H§$[oZ`m| H$s S>mba o]H$dmbr g{ A§Va ]¢qH$J odX{er _wÐm ]mOma _| AmO S>mba H{$ _wH$m]b{ é[`m H$ar] VrZ [¡g{ _O]yV hm{ J`m$&
^maV-`yZmZ H{$ ]rM oÛ[jr` g_Pm¡Vm
^maV Am¡a `yZmZ Z{ AmO odo^ÝZ oÛ[jr`-j{Ìr` Am¡a A§VaamîQ>r` _wÔm| [a odñV¥V MMm© H$s Am¡a A[Z{ AmoW©H$, gm§ñH¥$oVH$ Am¡a ì`m[mnaH$ g§]§Ym| H$m{ Am¡a odH$ogV H$aZ{ [a gh_oV ì`·V H$s$&
droS>`m{H$m°Z E.AmB©.IarX _| A_arH$s _XX H{$ ^am{g{
droS>`m{H$m°Z B§Q>aZ{eZb gmd©OoZH$ j{Ì H$s B§oS>`Z E`abmB§g _| 26 àoVeV ohñg{Xmar H{$ obE A_arH$m H$s VrZ od_mZ g{dm H§$[oZ`m| g{ gmP{Xmar H{$ obE ]mVMrV H$a ahr h¡$&
AOha ,OS>{Om g{ "AOw©Z [wañH$ma' dm[g obE Om`{§J{
I{b _§Ìr C_m ^maVr Z{ ewH«$dma H$m{ bm{H$g^m _| H$hm oH$ VrZ àoV]§oYV Q>{ñQ> oH«$H{$Q> oIbmoS>`m| H$m{ gaH$ma Ûmam oX`{ J`{ amîQ> H{$ gdm}ÀM I{b [wañH$ma "AOw©Z EdmS>©' dm[g X{Z{ hm|J{ &
"H$oZîH$' XwK©Q>Zm H{$ Amam{o[`m| H$s O_mZV [a gwZdmB© ewê$
H$ZmS>m H$s EH$ AXmbV _| E`a B§oS>`m H{$ od_mZ "H$oZîH$' H$m{ df© 1985 _| ]_ g{ CS>mZ{ H{$ Amam{[r na[wX_Z qgh _obH$ VWm AOm`] qgh ]mJar H$s O_mZV `moMH$mAm| [a gwZdmB© ewê$ hþB©$& Bg odñ\$m{Q> _| 329 bm{J _ma{ J`{ W{$&
BOamBb- àYmZ_§Ìr MwZmd h{Vw ]amH$ d e{am°Z Am_Z{-gm_Z{
BOamBb _| N>h \$adar H$m{ hm{Z{dmb{ àYmZ_§Ìr MwZmd _| àYmZ_§Ìr EhþX ]amH$ Am¡a XojU[§Wr obHw$S> e¡am{Z Am_Z{ gm_Z{ h¢$&
drZg odob`åg H$m "ar]m°H$' H{$ gmW VJS>m H$ama
df© 2000 _| Q>¡oZg _| X]X]m ]ZmZ{ dmbr A_arH$m H$s drZg odob`åg Z{ I{b gm_Z{ ]ZmZ{ dmbr H§$[Zr "ar]m°H$' H{$ gmW Mma H$am{S> S>mba H$m àm`m{OZ g_Pm¡Vm oH$`m h¡$&
·dmÌm{oƒ Z{ _w§h Im{bm, dmO[{`r gaH$ma [a ]agm
ñdroS>e ]m{\$m{g© Vm{[ naídV _m_b{ H{$ EH$ à_wI Ao^`wº$ BVmbdr ì`dgm`r Am{Îmm{od`m{ ·dmÌm{oƒ Z{ Jwédma H$m{ _b{oe`m H$s amOYmZr ·dmbmb§[wa _| H$hm oH$ dh ^maV gaH$ma Am¡a od[jr H$m§J«{g [mQ>u H{$ ]rM H$s amOZroVH$ bS>mB© _| \§$g J`m h¡ &
Q>{Z S>H¡$Vr H{$ Amam{[ _| 18 oJaâVma,1 _am
_hmamîQ> H$s qgYI{S>m [wobg Z{ ]wYdma amV gyaV dmamUgr Vmár J§Jm E·gà{g _| S>H¡$Vr S>mbZ{ H$m à`mg H$a ah{ 17 S>H¡$Vm| H$m{ oJaâVma oH$`m$& CJ« ^rS> Ûmam o[Q>mB© oH$`{ OmZ{ g{ BZ_| g{ EH$ S>H¡$V H$s _¥Ë`w hm{ J`r$&
A`m{Ü`m _| ]_ odñ\$m{Q> H$s ]mV Zht H$hr- X{e[m§S>{
d`m{d¥Õ Jm§YrdmXr oZ_©bm X{e[m§S>{ Z{ Bg ]mV H$m I§S>Z oH$`m oH$ CÝhm|Z{ H$^r `h ]mV H$hr Wr oH$ A`m{Ü`m H$m oddmXmñ[X T>m§Mm N>h oXgå]a 1992 H{$ EH$ ]_ odñ\$m{Q> _| T>hm Wm$&
½dmob`a _| 198 S>_ ½byH$m{O OãV
_Ü`àX{e H{$ ½dmob`a oObm àemgZ Z{ EH$ Jm{Xm_ [a N>m[m _maH$a 198 S>_ Ðd ½byH$m{O OãV oH$`m h¡$&
2008 VH$ ^maV _| hm{§J{ 10 H$am{S> _m{]mBb YmaH$
X{e H{$ g{ë`w`a _m{]mBb g{dm àXmVmAm| Z{ H$hm h¡ oH$ d{ H$ar] 50 hOma H$am{S> é[`{ H$m oZd{e H$a 2008 VH$ 10 H$am{S> J«mhH$m| H$m bú` àmá H$aZ{ H{$ ob`{ dMZ]Õ h¢$&
EOm{b-Bå\$mb CS>mZ _| ]_ H$s A\$dmh g{ hS>H§$[ _Mm
o_Om{a_ H$s amOYmZr EOm{b g{ Bå\$mb Om ah{ "Ebm`§g E`a' H{$ EH$ od_mZ _| ]_ H$s A\$dmh g{ gwajm H$o_©`m| _| hS>H§$[ _M J`m$&
Ag_ _| gwajm ]bm|-EZ Eg gr EZ CJ«dmnX`m| _| _wR>^{S>
Ag_ H{$ CÎmar H$N>ma [hmS>r oOb{ _| Jwédma VS>H{$ I{Var WmZm j{Ì H{$ A§VJ©V gwajm ]bm| Am¡a Z{eZb gm{eobñQ> H$m¢ogb Am\$ ZJmb¢S> (EZ Eg gr EZ) H{$ AmV§H$dmoX`m| H$r _wR>^{S> _| H$m¢ogb H{$ Xm{ gXñ` Km`b hm{ JE $&
ear\$ H{$ oZîH$mgZ H$m g_Pm¡Vm Jm{[Zr` ah{Jm-_wea©\$
[moH$ñVmZ H{$ g¡oZH$ emgH$ OZab [ad{O _wea©\$ Z{ A[XñW [«YmZ_§Ìr ZdmO ear\$ H$m{ oZdm©gZ [a gD$Xr Aa] ^{OZ{ H{$ H$X_ H$m{ ghr R>hamV{ hþE ñdrH$ma oH$`m h¡ oH$ CÝh| EH$ Jw[Mw[ g_Pm¡V{ H{$ VhV X{e H{$ ]mha ^{Om J`m$&
EH$ gm§gX Z{ H$hm, "Hw$N> ^r Nw>S>dm Xm{,eam] Zht N>m{S>z§Jm'
H$m{B© bmI H$m{oee H$a{ b{oH$Z EH$ ]ma bJr AmXV AmgmZr g{ B§gmZ H$m [rN>m Zht N>m{S>Vr$&
Cë\$m CJ«dmoX`m| Z{ ^yQ>mZ H${ Q>H$ ObmE , 2 `mÌr _ma{
Ag_ H{$ H$m{amPmS> oOb{ _| g§oX½Y ]m{S>m{ CJ«dmoX`m| Z{ ^yQ>mZ H$s EH$ ]g [a A§YmYw§Y Jm{ob`m§ Mbm`t oOg_| CgH$m S>m`da Am¡a EH$ _ohbm `mÌr _mar J`r VWm 17 bm{J Km`b hm{ JE$&
AOha h¡Xam]mX _| "am{Om-BâVma'[mQ>u _| Am`m
^yV[yd© ^maVr` oH«$H{$Q> H$ßVmZ _whå_X AOhéÔrZ ]wYdma H$s em_ h¡Xam]mX _| gm§gX VWm _Oobg-E-BÎm{hmXwb _wgb_rZ H{$ Z{Vm gwbVmZ gbmCÔrZ Am{d{gr H$s BâVma [mQ>u _| AMmZH$ [hþ§Mm$&
H$oZîH$ odñ\$m{Q> H{$ Amam{[r AmO H$ZmS>m gwàr_ H$m{Q>© _|
E`a B§oS>`m H{$ EH$ od_mZ H$m{ 1985 _| ]_ odñ\$m{Q> g{ CS>mZ{ H{$ _m_b{ H{$ Xm{ _w»` Ao^`w·Vm| H$m{ Jwédma H$m{ H$ZmS>m H$s EH$ AXmbV _| [{e oH$`m OmEJm Ohm§ CZH$s O_mZV H{$ ]ma{ _| \¡$gbm hm{Jm$&
H$í_ra _| g§Kf© odam_ ]T>mZm oZaW©H$ - ohO]wb
[moH$ñVmZ g_W©H$ H$í_rar AmV§H$dmXr g§JR>Z ohO]wb _wOmohÔrZ Z{ H$hm h¡ oH$ ^maV Ûmam H$í_ra _| g§Kf©odam_ H$s AdoY Mma hâVm| H{$ ob`{ Am¡a ]T>m`m OmZm oZaW©H$ h¡$&
oXgå]a 21
·dmÌm{oƒ Z{ _w§h Im{bm, dmO[{`r gaH$ma [a ]agm
ñdroS>e ]m{\$m{g© Vm{[ naídV _m_b{ H{$ EH$ à_wI Ao^`wº$ BVmbdr ì`dgm`r Am{Îmm{od`m{ ·dmÌm{oƒ Z{ Jwédma H$m{ _b{oe`m H$s amOYmZr ·dmbmb§[wa _| H$hm oH$ dh ^maV gaH$ma Am¡a od[jr H$m§J«{g [mQ>u H{$ ]rM H$s amOZroVH$ bS>mB© _| \§$g J`m h¡ &
Q>{Z S>H¡$Vr H{$ Amam{[ _| 18 oJaâVma,1 _am
_hmamîQ> H$s qgYI{S>m [wobg Z{ ]wYdma amV gyaV dmamUgr Vmár J§Jm E·gà{g _| S>H¡$Vr S>mbZ{ H$m à`mg H$a ah{ 17 S>H¡$Vm| H$m{ oJaâVma oH$`m$& CJ« ^rS> Ûmam o[Q>mB© oH$`{ OmZ{ g{ BZ_| g{ EH$ S>H¡$V H$s _¥Ë`w hm{ J`r$&
A`m{Ü`m _| ]_ odñ\$m{Q> H$s ]mV Zht H$hr- X{e[m§S>{
d`m{d¥Õ Jm§YrdmXr oZ_©bm X{e[m§S>{ Z{ Bg ]mV H$m I§S>Z oH$`m oH$ CÝhm|Z{ H$^r `h ]mV H$hr Wr oH$ A`m{Ü`m H$m oddmXmñ[X T>m§Mm N>h oXgå]a 1992 H{$ EH$ ]_ odñ\$m{Q> _| T>hm Wm$&
½dmob`a _| 198 S>_ ½byH$m{O OãV
_Ü`àX{e H{$ ½dmob`a oObm àemgZ Z{ EH$ Jm{Xm_ [a N>m[m _maH$a 198 S>_ Ðd ½byH$m{O OãV oH$`m h¡$&
o]b p·b¨Q>Z Z{ g§Kf© odam_ ]T>mZ{ [a ^maV H$m{ gamhm
A_arH$m H{$ amîQ>[oV o]b p·b¨Q>Z Z{ àYmZ_§Ìr AQ>b o]hmar dmO[{`r H$s Oå_y H$í_ra _| g§Kf© odam_ H$s AdoY H$m{ EH$ _hrZ{ Am¡a ]T>m`{ OmZ{ H$s Km{fUm H$m ñdmJV H$aV{ hþE H$hm oH$ Bgg{ H$í_ra _wÔ{ H{$ em§oV[yU© g_mYmZ H{$ obE ^maV H$s dMZ]ÕVm H$m [Vm MbVm h¡$&
2008 VH$ ^maV _| hm{§J{ 10 H$am{S> _m{]mBb YmaH$
X{e H{$ g{ë`w`a _m{]mBb g{dm àXmVmAm| Z{ H$hm h¡ oH$ d{ H$ar] 50 hOma H$am{S> é[`{ H$m oZd{e H$a 2008 VH$ 10 H$am{S> J«mhH$m| H$m bú` àmá H$aZ{ H{$ ob`{ dMZ]Õ h¢$&
bm{.g. _| _ohbm AmajU odY{`H$ [{e Zht hm{ gH$m
g_mOdmXr [mQ>u amîQ>r` OZVm Xb VWm ]hþOZ g_mO [mQ>r© H{$ gXñ`m| Z{ Jwédma H$m{ O]aXñV h§Jm_m H$a _ohbm AmajU odY{`H$ H$m{ MMm© H{$ ob`{ bm{H$g^m _| [{e Zht hm{Z{ oX`m$&
EOm{b-Bå\$mb CS>mZ _| ]_ H$s A\$dmh g{ hS>H§$[ _Mm
o_Om{a_ H$s amOYmZr EOm{b g{ Bå\$mb Om ah{ "Ebm`§g E`a' H{$ EH$ od_mZ _| ]_ H$s A\$dmh g{ gwajm H$o_©`m| _| hS>H§$[ _M J`m$&
Ag_ _| gwajm ]bm|-EZ Eg gr EZ CJ«dmnX`m| _| _wR>^{S>
Ag_ H{$ CÎmar H$N>ma [hmS>r oOb{ _| Jwédma VS>H{$ I{Var WmZm j{Ì H{$ A§VJ©V gwajm ]bm| Am¡a Z{eZb gm{eobñQ> H$m¢ogb Am\$ ZJmb¢S> (EZ Eg gr EZ) H{$ AmV§H$dmoX`m| H$r _wR>^{S> _| H$m¢ogb H{$ Xm{ gXñ` Km`b hm{ JE $&
ear\$ H{$ oZîH$mgZ H$m g_Pm¡Vm Jm{[Zr` ah{Jm-_wea©\$
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X{e ^a H{$ 13 bmI ]¢H$ H$_©Mmar AmO hS>Vmb [a
amï>r`H¥$V ]¢H$m| H{$ oZOrH$aU H$m àñVmd Am¡a gaH$mar e{`a [y§Or KQ>m`{ OmZ{ H{$ odam{Y _| ]¢H$ H$_©Mmna`m| H$s EH$oXdgr` amï>ì`m[r hS>Vmb H{$ MbV{ Jwédma H$m{ X{e ^a H{$ ]¢H$m| H{$ H$m_H$mO [a Aga [S>m$&
_ohbm AmajU odY{`H$ [a gd©Xbr` ]¡R>H$ od\$b
_ohbm AmajU odY{`H$ [a EH$ am` H$m`_ H$aZ{ H$m EH$ Am¡a à`mg od\$b hm{ J`m O] bm{H$g^m AÜ`j Ûmam ]wbm`r J`r gd©Xbr` ]¡R>H$ _| H$m{B© gh_oV Zht hm{ [m`r$&
S>m°Z Bdm§g ]we _§oÌ_§S>b _| odËV _§Ìr oZ`w·V
A_arH$m H{$ ZdoZdm©oMV amîQ>[oV OmO© S>ãë`y ]we Z{ E{Z d{Z_¡Z H$m{ A[Zm H¥$of _§Ìr ,S>m°Z BdmÝg H$m{ dmoUÁ` _§Ìr Am¡a _{b _moQ©Z{O H$m{ Amdmg Am¡a ehar odH$mg _§Ìr oZ`w·V oH$`m h¡$&
EH$ gm§gX Z{ H$hm, "Hw$N> ^r Nw>S>dm Xm{,eam] Zht N>m{S>z§Jm'
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A] Ao^Z` _| oH$ñ_V AmO_mE§J{ o]b p·b¨Q>Z !
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